U.S. DISTRICT COURTS · LEDGER UPDATED OCT 23, 2026

Federal Fraud Clock

A running count of fraud defendants filed in federal court, the state of the courthouse, which branch the case sits in, and a named Republican–Democrat ledger that does not pretend every defendant has a party.

01 · FRAUD DEFENDANTS FILED

Since October 1, 2020

28,361

Official total through September 30, 2025. The estimate starts once the page is on your screen.

FY2021–FY2025 actual: 28,361 · FY2025 alone: 5,553

ALL CRIMINAL DEFENDANTS

357,372

Same five court years, every lead offense — drugs, immigration, guns, fraud. FY2025 pace is about one defendant every 6½ minutes. Fraud was 5,553 of 79,029 filings that year, roughly 7 percent.

FY25 fraud
5,553
Lead charge was fraud
FY25 embezzlement
172
Counted apart from fraud
FY25 bribery
87
A general offense, not inside the fraud total
FY25 money laundering
944
Also separate. Do not add these together

02 · BRANCH AND CHARGE

Where a federal case actually lives

Executive files it

The Department of Justice and the 94 U.S. Attorney’s Offices bring the charge. Congress does not indict anyone. A fraud indictment is an executive-branch act.

Judiciary hears it

The case is filed in a U.S. district court, in a state or territory. That courthouse — not the defendant’s hometown — is what the state ranking below measures.

The defendant’s office is a third thing

In the named ledger, “branch” means the office the person held: House or Senate (legislative) or a governorship (state executive). No Article III judge is in that ledger.

FY2025 fraud, by the charge the court recorded

“Fraud” here includes passport and ID-document cases, not only stolen program money. The lines sum to 5,553.

  • Attempt & conspiracy1,999
  • Defraud the U.S.694
  • Wire fraud607
  • ID documents400
  • False statements325
  • Tax284
  • Access devices251
  • Health care205
  • Other fraud lines788

Five court years of fraud filings

Defendants commenced. A filing is not a conviction, and not a dollar loss.

Embezzlement, kept outside that fraud total, fell from 264 in FY2021 to 172 in FY2025.

03 · STATE OF THE COURTHOUSE · FY2025

Where the fraud case was filed

Rolled up from Table D-3. Big states lead. So do districts that charge a lot of passport and identity-document fraud. This list has no party column, because the Administrative Office does not collect one.

04 · REPUBLICANS AND DEMOCRATS

Named officials only. Not the clock above.

Members of Congress and state governors charged in federal court from 2001 through October 2026. Default view is bribery, extortion, campaign or charity theft, and theft of program funds. Business fraud, insider trading, tax felonies, and false-statement cases are off until you turn them on — they change the score.

Republican

8

standing guilty findings

10 cases in this filter

Democrat

9

standing guilty findings

12 cases in this filter

21 people, 22 cases, in the current filter. A pardon or commutation is noted and is not treated as an acquittal. A pardon before trial is not a conviction. Two Menendez rows are two cases, one person.

ComparisonRepublicanDemocrat

Cases

10

12

Standing guilty finding

8

9

Still pending

0

1

Dropped, overturned, or pretrial pardon

2

2

Legislative branch, Congress

7

10

Executive branch, governors

3

2

Admitted loss, standing cases

$3.9M · 3

$750k · 1

Restitution ordered, standing cases

$374k · 1

—

Cash or gold seized, standing cases

—

$630k · 1

Alleged amount, standing cases

—

$1.3M · 2

Alleged, not a standing conviction

$175k · 1

$5.6M · 2

Do not add those dollar rows into one “who stole more” number. An admission, a restitution order, a seizure, and an allegation are different facts. Empty cells mean this ledger has no figure of that kind — not that the loss was zero.

05 · THE NAMES

Every case behind the party table

22 shown

06 · THROUGH OCT 23, 2026 · CHARGES, NOT CONVICTIONS

Health-care fraud takedowns

Four Justice Department actions, from the June 2025 national takedown through the Los Angeles charges announced yesterday. Every dollar is alleged intended loss or money an agency said it seized or blocked. Do not add the headlines together. The 2026 national action includes people already charged in the 2025 catheter and telemedicine cases, and the Minnesota cases are called out again as the reason Medicaid enforcement expanded.

JUNE 30, 2025 · NATIONAL

324 charged · $14.6 billion alleged

Largest coordinated health-care fraud takedown DOJ had announced, more than double the prior record of about $6 billion. 96 were doctors, nurse practitioners, pharmacists, or other licensed professionals, across 50 federal districts and 12 state attorneys general. The government seized over $245 million. CMS said it blocked over $4 billion and suspended or revoked 205 billers. Civil charges: 20 defendants, $14.2 million. Civil settlements: 106 defendants, $34.3 million.

  • Transnational supply fraud: 29 defendants and more than $12 billion alleged, including a Russia and Eastern Europe network that billed more than $10 billion (about $10.6 billion in one accounting) for catheters and equipment using stolen identities of more than 1 million people.
  • Wound grafts on elderly and dying patients: about $1.1 billion alleged.
  • Opioids: 74 defendants accused of diverting more than 15 million pills. DEA filed 93 administrative cases.
  • Telemedicine and genetic tests: 49 defendants and more than $1.17 billion alleged.

MAY 21, 2026 · MINNESOTA

15 charged · over $90 million alleged

A state takedown, not part of the June national count. Owners of child-care centers and Medicaid providers were charged in schemes aimed at more than $90 million. The largest was an autism-services case of about $46.6 million billed to Minnesota Medicaid’s Early Intensive Developmental and Behavioral Intervention program, of which about $21.2 million was paid. Two other defendants were charged over about $22.7 million in home-support reimbursements. DOJ called the autism case the largest Medicaid autism fraud case it had charged, and said the action was the start of a nationwide Medicaid push — not the end of the Minnesota work.

JUNE 23, 2026 · NATIONAL

455 charged · over $6.5 billion alleged

90 doctors and other licensed professionals. Cases in 56 federal districts and 45 states and territories, with all 50 state Medicaid Fraud Control Units — the most DOJ said had ever joined a takedown. Seizures topped $182 million. CMS suspended 1,079 providers and revoked billing privileges for 1,403. HHS-OIG reported 48 civil settlements over $73 million, more than 1,400 exclusions, and 25 actions seeking more than $10 billion from payments CMS had already frozen. Separate civil charges: 13 defendants, $14.8 million. Civil settlements: 31 defendants, $23 million. Prosecutors said some schemes caused patient harm, including death.

  • Inside that total, not on top of it: 295 Medicaid defendants and over $518 million in alleged Medicaid claims, which DOJ called its largest Medicaid fraud charge-count.
  • Opioids: 36 defendants, 28 of them licensed professionals. DEA reported 928 administrative cases since Oct 1, 2025.
  • Wound allografts: 11 defendants. In one Arizona case, providers had billed Medicare over $4 billion and been paid over $2 billion. A Texas nurse practitioner was charged in a $906 million scheme.
  • Already charged before this announcement, so not new loss: two defendants returned from Estonia on the $10.6 billion catheter case, and one FBI most-wanted defendant returned from the Philippines on a $1.2 billion telemedicine case. A new defendant, arrested in Kyrenia, was charged on an additional $3.7 billion in catheter claims.

OCTOBER 22, 2026 · LOS ANGELES

15 charged · over $1.8 billion alleged

Announced yesterday. Six of the 15 are medical professionals. Eight were arrested. DOJ said the schemes produced over $1.8 billion in fraudulent claims to government and private programs: over $1.6 billion for sham substance-abuse treatment that brought people to California — the largest case of that kind DOJ said it has prosecuted — $134 million for unnecessary atherectomy procedures that injured patients, and over $138 million for hospice care billed on people who were not terminally ill. A further defendant, already charged by complaint, was indicted in a separate $270 million Medi-Cal pharmacy case. That $270 million is not inside the $1.8 billion. One defendant, Nicholas Moore, has pleaded guilty. The rest are allegations.

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07 · FY2022 THROUGH OCT 23, 2026

Warrants, charges, convictions

This is every federal criminal defendant the courts counted, not a fraud subset and not a list of names. The name-level record is whatever the Justice Department has announced in a press release. A filing is an indictment or information. A conviction is a later outcome, often for someone charged in an earlier year. A warrant is an arrest order. Do not add a row across, and do not add the years into one person.

FISCAL YEAR 2022

Charged
68,315
Convicted
65,763
Guilty pleas
64,384
Convicted at trial
1,379
Acquitted
290
Dismissed
5,901
Federal warrants cleared
34,264
Federal fugitives arrested
28,324

FISCAL YEAR 2023

Charged
66,027
Convicted
65,743
Guilty pleas
64,166
Convicted at trial
1,577
Acquitted
263
Dismissed
6,249
Federal warrants cleared
29,108
Federal fugitives arrested
28,065

FISCAL YEAR 2024

Charged
69,673
Convicted
69,405
Guilty pleas
67,902
Convicted at trial
1,503
Acquitted
220
Dismissed
5,059
Federal warrants cleared
29,793
Federal fugitives arrested
28,706

FISCAL YEAR 2025

Charged
79,029
Convicted
76,514
Guilty pleas
75,151
Convicted at trial
1,363
Acquitted
192
Dismissed
5,336
Federal warrants cleared
29,650
Federal fugitives arrested
28,533

2026 TO TODAY

Last published window, then a gap

For the 12 months ending June 30, 2026, the courts counted 82,055 defendants filed, 78,185 convicted and sentenced (76,906 by plea, 1,279 at trial), and 5,101 not convicted (4,888 dismissed, 213 acquitted). 109,474 defendants were still pending. That filing count includes transfers, so it is not comparable one-for-one with the fiscal-year “charged” line above.

July 1 through October 23, 2026 is not in a published table. The Marshals have not posted an FY2026 warrant review. The running clock at the top is an estimate of defendants filed after September 30, 2025. It is not a warrant count and not a conviction count.

Defendants still in court, not investigations: 112,310 at the end of FY2024, 109,022 at the end of FY2025, 109,474 on June 30, 2026.

What a warrant count is

The warrant lines are federal warrants the Marshals closed by arrest, plus the federal fugitives they arrested. One arrest can clear several warrants, so cleared warrants run higher than arrests. Most of those people were already charged. This is not “new indictments,” and it is not the number of warrants signed. State and local warrants the Marshals also clear are left out.

Everything announced in public

The complete public list is the department’s own press-release index. This page does not paste a second copy of it. A copy would be stale by the next release, and an uncharged file is not on that list because the department does not announce it.

The current index held 2,343 releases when checked on October 23, 2026. It starts January 20, 2025. Everything before that date, including all of 2022, 2023, and 2024, is in the archive. A release that says someone was charged is an allegation until a later release says the person pleaded guilty or was sentenced.

Current releasesArchive, before Jan 20, 2025

Investigation totals DOJ has stated

These are the open-caseload numbers officials have said out loud. They are slices of announced work. They overlap, so adding them would invent a national total that DOJ has not published.

  • Indian Country investigations

    More than 4,400

    FBI, Sept 15, 2026

    DOJ said “more than 4,000” on Oct 20, 2026. Same caseload, different rounding.

  • Cartel and designated-gang investigations

    More than 2,200

    FBI, Sept 15, 2026

    Ongoing investigations tied to 22 designated organizations.

  • Domestic terrorism cases

    1,900

    FBI, so far in 2026

    A program count, not every open federal case.

  • International terrorism cases

    2,600

    FBI, so far in 2026

    Do not add this to the domestic-terrorism line.

  • Nihilistic violent extremism, pending

    More than 500

    FBI, Sept 15, 2026

    A subset, not a new national total.

Separately, DOJ said on October 20, 2026 that since April the FBI had opened more than 1,200 new Indian Country investigations under Operation Steadfast Promise. That is a count of files opened, not a stock of everything still open.

08 · WHAT THE DOLLARS ARE, AND ARE NOT

Amounts worth knowing, kept in their own boxes

Pandemic relief, still mostly uncounted in court

GAO’s April 2025 review says the full extent of pandemic-relief fraud will never be known, and that estimates run to hundreds of billions in potentially fraudulent payments. The SBA inspector general’s 2023 estimate put potential fraud in PPP and EIDL loans above $200 billion. Those are estimates of money that may have gone out wrong. They are not restitution orders, and they are not sorted by party.

What prosecutors have actually charged

In April 2024 the COVID-19 Fraud Enforcement Task Force reported more than 3,500 defendants, charged losses over $2 billion, and more than $1.4 billion seized or forfeited. GAO, counting publicly announced defendants through December 31, 2024, said at least 3,096. The two counts use different rules. DOJ also reported more than 650 civil settlements totaling more than $500 million through that same December date.

Health-care fraud is where the huge “intended loss” sits

The Justice Department’s takedowns since June 2025 are listed above: 324 people and $14.6 billion alleged in 2025; 15 people and over $90 million in Minnesota in May 2026; 455 people and over $6.5 billion in June 2026; and 15 people and over $1.8 billion in Los Angeles on Oct 22, 2026. The Fraud Section’s 2025 year in review described 194 people charged and more than $15 billion alleged. Intended loss is what a scheme tried to bill. It is not cash seized. Do not add these figures. The 2026 national takedown includes people already charged in 2025.

An indictment is a charge

Most people in the national clock are private defendants. Charging papers do not list a party. Holding more offices gives a party more people who can be charged, so a raw tally is not a rate. Clemency does not rewind a guilty finding. This ledger leaves out mayors, sheriffs, and career officials on purpose — a partial list of them would quietly pick a winner.

Court counts: Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts, Judicial Business Table D-2 and Table D-3, fiscal years ending September 30, 2021–2025. Dollar context: GAO-25-107746; DOJ COVID-19 Fraud Enforcement Task Force, April 2024; DOJ Fraud Section 2025 year in review. Takedowns: Justice Department, June 30, 2025; May 21, 2026; June 23, 2026; and Oct 22, 2026. Docket: AOUSC Table D-2 and Table D-4, FY2022–FY2025; Statistical Tables for the 12 months ending June 30, 2026; U.S. Marshals Service fugitive reviews, FY2022–FY2025; FBI oversight testimony, Sept 15, 2026. Named cases are drawn from Justice Department announcements, sentencing reports, and later clemency or appeal outcomes. Figures are rounded where noted.